• Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter lesion

  2024-03-15

  

  Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter lesion around the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, and revealed inflammatory demyelination, such as myelin loss with relative preservation of axons, astrocytosis immnolabeled by Idoxuridine against glial fibrillary acidic protein, infil

• The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal HPA axis

  2024-03-15

  

  The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system that is central to regulating responses to stress (Palazidou, 2012). In older persons, a high dysfunction of the HPA axis is observed (Otte et al., 2005) which may be enhanced by stimulatory effects of genes involved in the axi

• For both the hydroxylation and lyase reactions the heme iron

  2024-03-15

  

  For both, the 17α-hydroxylation and 17, 20-lyase reactions, the heme iron center of P450 17A1 receives electron reducing equivalents from CPR. Both reactions require one pair of electrons and molecular oxygen for the conversion of the substrate into product in each catalytic cycle. However, the 17,2

• Physiological total plasma LPA levels are normally

  2024-03-15

  

  Physiological total plasma LPA levels are normally less than 1μM in healthy subjects. LPA levels have been reported to be increased in malignant effusions or plasma in cancer patients [20]. In addition, increasing ATX activity detected in healthy pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy ex

• We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin o

  2024-03-15

  

  We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin on the AChE activity in the brainstem during the demyelination and remyelination process [17]. It has also been observed that there is a protective effect on lipid peroxidation and worsening of motor functions caused by loss of myelin in the

• Two parallel branches of the

  2024-03-15

  

  Two parallel branches of the DNA damage-dependent S-phase checkpoint are thought to co-operate by inhibiting distinct steps of DNA replication. One branch includes the phosphorylation of structural maintenance of chromosomes 1 (SMC1), a cohesin that is activated by ATM or ATR after IR treatment or r

• Of the many different types of

  2024-03-15

  

  Of the many different types of DNA lesions, DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are amongst the most deleterious. It has been suggested that a single unrepaired DSB may be sufficient to induce cell death (Bennett et al., 1993), whereas misrepaired DSBs can result in loss of genetic information, potentia

• Over the years measures of total antioxidant status

  2024-03-15

  

  Over the years, measures of total antioxidant status (TAS) have been developed to capture the collective effect of antioxidant defense capacity, including enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems (Fraga et al., 2014, Franco et al., 2007). Multiple antioxidant enzymes, as well as antioxidant vitamins and m

• In our sequential model for

  2024-03-14

  

  In our sequential model for tau and Aβ deposition, we included the tau deposition in the medial temporal Purmorphamine in the absence of Aβ deposition, which is a pathological definition of primary age-related tauopathy (PART). Although the tau pathologies in PART and AD are almost identical in thei

• How do increased levels of ammonia as observed

  2024-03-14

  

  How do increased levels of ammonia as observed in clinical HE constrain synaptic plasticity? Numerous studies have investigated the modulation of signal transduction pathways activated in LTP or LTD irrespective of being necessary or sufficient for changes in synaptic efficacy (Wen et al., 2013). Ye

• The reactions and the control mechanisms described are all s

  2024-03-14

  

  The reactions and the control mechanisms described are all supported by observations. For example the reactions require that different compounds are formed in different groups of Creatinine cells and this has been observed [15]. Intravenous injection of glycine results in reduced utilisation of glu

• The role of the adaptive immune response

  2024-03-14

  

  The role of the adaptive immune response in AD is not fully understood and previous studies are controversial. In this context, serum levels of T and B lymphocytes were found to be reduced in AD patients, suggesting a decline of the immune response during the course of the disease (Richartz-Salzburg

• hdac inhibitors So far many independent studies have linked

  2024-03-14

  

  So far, many independent studies have linked cholesterol metabolism–related genes with AD, either by showing associations with specific polymorphisms or with differential hdac inhibitors levels (Beecham et al., 2014, Blain and Poirier, 2004, Lambert et al., 2009, Lambert et al., 2013, Leduc et al.,

• Our results add to previously published data on the contribu

  2024-03-14

  

  Our results add to previously published data on the contribution of ALDH3A1 to the optical properties of the cornea. Specifically, the study by Nees et al. (2002) was among the first to examine whether ALDH3A1 serves as a structural component in the cornea and similarly to lens crystallins. Their ex

• Introduction Adenosine monophosphate cAMP is a general

  2024-03-14

  

  Introduction Adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) is a general-purpose signaling molecule present in most branches of life. Intracellular cAMP levels control diverse cellular functions. In bacteria, cAMP regulates metabolism by activation of the catabolite activator protein (CAP), also known as cAM

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